Decision Making Statements: Equality and Relational Operators

Executable Statements:
Executable statements either perform actions (such as calculations or input or output of data) or make decisions (we’ll soon see several examples of these). We might make a decision in a program, for example, to determine whether a person’s grade on an exam is greater than or equal to 60 and whether the program should print the message “Congratulations! You passed.” This section introduces a simple version of C’s

IF Statement:
 if statement that allows a program to make a decision based on the truth or falsity of a statement of fact called a condition. If the condition is true (i.e., the condition is met), the statement in the body of the if statement is executed. If the condition is false (i.e., the condition isn’t met), the body statement isn’t executed. Whether the body statement is executed or not, after the if statement completes, execution proceeds with the next statement after the if statement. Conditions in if statements are formed by using the equality operators and relational operators summarized. The relational operators all have the same level of precedence and they associate left to right. The equality operators have a lower level of precedence than the relational operators and they also associate left to right. [Note: In C, a condition may actually be any expression that generates a zero (false) or nonzero (true) value.]